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| rels = JudaismJewish atheism }} Australian Jews, or Jewish Australians, are Jews who are Australian citizens or permanent residents of Australia. There are 97,335 Australians who identified as Jewish in the 2011 census,〔 but this number is expected to be much higher. There are several reasons, as the high non-response rate for large numbers of Haredi Jews or many non-practicing Jews who prefer not to disclose religion in the census are more common. By comparison, the Haaretz Israeli News estimated a Jewish-Australian population of 120,000-150,000〔http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/anglo-file/jafi-reforms-may-hurt-australian-immigration-to-israel-leader-says-1.351688〕 (not limited to adherents of Judaism) and around one million Australians (4.5%) have some Jewish ancestry.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=OzTorah )〕 Jewish citizens make up 0.5 percent of the Australian population.〔http://artsonline.monash.edu.au/gen08/download/Australian-Census-2011.pdf〕 The Jewish community of Australia is composed mostly of Ashkenazi Jews. Judaism is a minority religion in Australia. ==History== (詳細はtransported to Botany Bay in 1788 aboard the First Fleet.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Jewish experience in Australia - Fact sheet 217 – National Archives of Australia )〕 About 15,100 convicts were transported by the time transportation ceased in 1840 in New South Wales and 1853 in Tasmania. It is estimated that of those who arrived by 1845 about 800 were Jewish. Most of them came from London, were of working-class background and were male. Only 7% of Jewish convicts were female, compared with 15% for non-Jewish convicts. The average age of the Jewish convicts was 25, but ranged from 8 to elderly.〔Rutland, Susan, 2005, ''The Jews in Australia'', ISBN 0521612853.〕 At first, the Church of England was the established religion, and during the early years of transportation all convicts were required to attend Anglican services on Sundays. This included Irish Catholics as well as the Jews. Similarly, education in the new settlement was Anglican church controlled until the 1840s.〔 The first move toward organisation in the community was the formation of a Chevra Kadisha (a Jewish burial society) in Sydney in 1817,〔 but the allocation of land for a Jewish cemetery was not approved until 1832.〔V.D. Lipman, ''A Social History of the Jews of England, 1850-1950'', London, 1954, p.121.〕 In 1830 the first Jewish wedding in Australia was celebrated, the contracting parties being Moses Joseph and Rosetta Nathan. Jewish immigration came at a time of antisemitism. The Returned Services League and other groups publicized cartoons to encourage the government and the immigration Minister Arthur A. Calwell to stem the flow of Jewish immigrants.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Australian Jews」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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